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Effects of acids Disintegrated by hot dilute acids or cold concentrated acids. Unaffected by cold weak acids.
Effects of alkalis Swelling (mercerization) in caustic, but no damage.
Effect of organic solvents Resistant to most common industrial and household solvents.
Effects of other chemicals Bleached by hypochlorites and peroxides; oxidizes into oxycellulose. Swells and disintegrates into cuprammonium hydroxide.
Effects of heat Highly resistant to thermal deformation and degradation. Onset of decomposition in air (TGA) 555°F (290°C). Safe hot-plate (ironing) temperature 425°F (218°C). Yellows after 5 hours at 248°F (120°C). |
| Breaking Tenacity |
(gf/tex)
Std. 27-44
Wet 28-57 |
(gf/den)
Std. 3.0-4.9
Wet 3.3-6.7 |
| Specific Gravity |
Cellulosic polymer 1.54
Cotton fiber 1.27 |
| Breaking Elongation |
| Std. 3-9.5% |
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| Sunlight and Mildew Resistance |
Excellent resistance to sunlight.
Fabrics subjected to excessive mildew are laundered to minimize residual effects. |
| Average Stiffness |
513-540 gf/tex;
57-60 gf/den |
| Tensile Strength |
| 44,000-109,000 psi |
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| Moisture Regain |
| 7% (std. conditions). |
| Moisture Absorbency |
| 24-27% to 95% R.H. |
| Dyes, Used |
| Direct, vat, azoic, mordant, pigment, sulfur, reactive. |
| Average toughness |
1.44 gf.cm/tex.cm
0.16 gf.cm/den.cm |
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Elastic Recovery
74% recovery after 2% elongation
45% recovery after 5% elongation |
| Identification |
| Upon ignition, fiber leaves fine gray ash and no bead. Longitudinal appearance is flat and ribbon-like with convolutions. Dissolves in 80% cold sulfuric acid. |
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U. S. Cotton Fiber Chart
